Optimal. Leaf size=284 \[ \frac {d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-d} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {c+d}}\right )}{a^2 (c-d)^{9/2} (c+d)^{5/2} f}+\frac {d \left (2 c^2-16 c d-21 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 a^2 (c-d)^3 (c+d) f (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {(c-8 d) \tan (e+f x)}{3 a^2 (c-d)^2 f (1+\sec (e+f x)) (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {\tan (e+f x)}{3 (c-d) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {d \left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 a^2 (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 f (c+d \sec (e+f x))} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.38, antiderivative size = 346, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.22, number of steps
used = 8, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 31, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.226, Rules used = {4072, 105, 156,
157, 12, 95, 211} \begin {gather*} \frac {\left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 f (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 \left (a^2 \sec (e+f x)+a^2\right )}-\frac {d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}{\sqrt {c-d} \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}\right )}{a f (c-d)^{9/2} (c+d)^{5/2} \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a \sec (e+f x)+a}}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 f \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 (a \sec (e+f x)+a)^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 f \left (c^2-d^2\right ) (a \sec (e+f x)+a)^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 f (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 (a \sec (e+f x)+a)^2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 12
Rule 95
Rule 105
Rule 156
Rule 157
Rule 211
Rule 4072
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\sec (e+f x)}{(a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^3} \, dx &=-\frac {\left (a^2 \tan (e+f x)\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a-a x} (a+a x)^{5/2} (c+d x)^3} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {\tan (e+f x) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {2 a^2 (c+d)-3 a^2 d x}{\sqrt {a-a x} (a+a x)^{5/2} (c+d x)^2} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}-\frac {\tan (e+f x) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {a^4 \left (2 c^2+12 c d+7 d^2\right )-2 a^4 d (5 c+2 d) x}{\sqrt {a-a x} (a+a x)^{5/2} (c+d x)} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 a^2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}+\frac {\tan (e+f x) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-a^6 (c+d) \left (2 c^2-16 c d-21 d^2\right )-a^6 d \left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) x}{\sqrt {a-a x} (a+a x)^{3/2} (c+d x)} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{6 a^5 (c-d) \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {\left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 f \left (a^2+a^2 \sec (e+f x)\right )}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}-\frac {\tan (e+f x) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {3 a^8 d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right )}{\sqrt {a-a x} \sqrt {a+a x} (c+d x)} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{6 a^8 (c-d)^2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {\left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 f \left (a^2+a^2 \sec (e+f x)\right )}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}-\frac {\left (d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a-a x} \sqrt {a+a x} (c+d x)} \, dx,x,\sec (e+f x)\right )}{2 (c-d)^2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2}+\frac {\left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 f \left (a^2+a^2 \sec (e+f x)\right )}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}-\frac {\left (d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a c-a d-(-a c-a d) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}\right )}{(c-d)^2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 c^2+22 c d+11 d^2\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^3 (c+d)^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d^2 \left (12 c^2+16 c d+7 d^2\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c+d} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}{\sqrt {c-d} \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)}}\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{a (c-d)^{9/2} (c+d)^{5/2} f \sqrt {a-a \sec (e+f x)} \sqrt {a+a \sec (e+f x)}}+\frac {\left (2 c^3-16 c^2 d-59 c d^2-32 d^3\right ) \tan (e+f x)}{6 (c-d)^4 (c+d)^2 f \left (a^2+a^2 \sec (e+f x)\right )}-\frac {d \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right ) f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))^2}-\frac {d (5 c+2 d) \tan (e+f x)}{2 \left (c^2-d^2\right )^2 f (a+a \sec (e+f x))^2 (c+d \sec (e+f x))}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 7.39, size = 2220, normalized size = 7.82 \begin {gather*} \text {Result too large to show} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.48, size = 280, normalized size = 0.99
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {\frac {c \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{3}-\frac {d \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{3}-c \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+7 d \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\left (c^{3}-3 c^{2} d +3 c \,d^{2}-d^{3}\right ) \left (c -d \right )}-\frac {8 d^{2} \left (\frac {-\frac {d \left (8 c^{2}-3 c d -5 d^{2}\right ) \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{4 \left (c^{2}+2 c d +d^{2}\right )}+\frac {d \left (8 c +3 d \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{4 c +4 d}}{\left (c \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-d \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-c -d \right )^{2}}-\frac {\left (12 c^{2}+16 c d +7 d^{2}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (c -d \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (c +d \right ) \left (c -d \right )}}\right )}{4 \left (c^{2}+2 c d +d^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\left (c +d \right ) \left (c -d \right )}}\right )}{\left (c -d \right )^{4}}}{2 f \,a^{2}}\) | \(280\) |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {\frac {c \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{3}-\frac {d \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{3}-c \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+7 d \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\left (c^{3}-3 c^{2} d +3 c \,d^{2}-d^{3}\right ) \left (c -d \right )}-\frac {8 d^{2} \left (\frac {-\frac {d \left (8 c^{2}-3 c d -5 d^{2}\right ) \left (\tan ^{3}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )}{4 \left (c^{2}+2 c d +d^{2}\right )}+\frac {d \left (8 c +3 d \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{4 c +4 d}}{\left (c \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-d \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-c -d \right )^{2}}-\frac {\left (12 c^{2}+16 c d +7 d^{2}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (c -d \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (c +d \right ) \left (c -d \right )}}\right )}{4 \left (c^{2}+2 c d +d^{2}\right ) \sqrt {\left (c +d \right ) \left (c -d \right )}}\right )}{\left (c -d \right )^{4}}}{2 f \,a^{2}}\) | \(280\) |
risch | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1368\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1000 vs.
\(2 (278) = 556\).
time = 2.37, size = 2062, normalized size = 7.26 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {\int \frac {\sec {\left (e + f x \right )}}{c^{3} \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 2 c^{3} \sec {\left (e + f x \right )} + c^{3} + 3 c^{2} d \sec ^{3}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 6 c^{2} d \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 3 c^{2} d \sec {\left (e + f x \right )} + 3 c d^{2} \sec ^{4}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 6 c d^{2} \sec ^{3}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 3 c d^{2} \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )} + d^{3} \sec ^{5}{\left (e + f x \right )} + 2 d^{3} \sec ^{4}{\left (e + f x \right )} + d^{3} \sec ^{3}{\left (e + f x \right )}}\, dx}{a^{2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 751 vs.
\(2 (267) = 534\).
time = 0.56, size = 751, normalized size = 2.64 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {6 \, {\left (12 \, c^{2} d^{2} + 16 \, c d^{3} + 7 \, d^{4}\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {f x + e}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (-2 \, c + 2 \, d\right ) + \arctan \left (-\frac {c \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - d \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )}{\sqrt {-c^{2} + d^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} c^{6} - 2 \, a^{2} c^{5} d - a^{2} c^{4} d^{2} + 4 \, a^{2} c^{3} d^{3} - a^{2} c^{2} d^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} c d^{5} + a^{2} d^{6}\right )} \sqrt {-c^{2} + d^{2}}} - \frac {a^{4} c^{6} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 6 \, a^{4} c^{5} d \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} + 15 \, a^{4} c^{4} d^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 20 \, a^{4} c^{3} d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} + 15 \, a^{4} c^{2} d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 6 \, a^{4} c d^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} + a^{4} d^{6} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 3 \, a^{4} c^{6} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 36 \, a^{4} c^{5} d \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 135 \, a^{4} c^{4} d^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 240 \, a^{4} c^{3} d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 225 \, a^{4} c^{2} d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 108 \, a^{4} c d^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 21 \, a^{4} d^{6} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )}{a^{6} c^{9} - 9 \, a^{6} c^{8} d + 36 \, a^{6} c^{7} d^{2} - 84 \, a^{6} c^{6} d^{3} + 126 \, a^{6} c^{5} d^{4} - 126 \, a^{6} c^{4} d^{5} + 84 \, a^{6} c^{3} d^{6} - 36 \, a^{6} c^{2} d^{7} + 9 \, a^{6} c d^{8} - a^{6} d^{9}} + \frac {6 \, {\left (8 \, c^{2} d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 3 \, c d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 5 \, d^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 8 \, c^{2} d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 11 \, c d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 3 \, d^{5} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} c^{6} - 2 \, a^{2} c^{5} d - a^{2} c^{4} d^{2} + 4 \, a^{2} c^{3} d^{3} - a^{2} c^{2} d^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} c d^{5} + a^{2} d^{6}\right )} {\left (c \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{2} - d \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{2} - c - d\right )}^{2}}}{6 \, f} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 2.28, size = 505, normalized size = 1.78 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )}^3\,\left (-8\,c^2\,d^3+3\,c\,d^4+5\,d^5\right )}{{\left (c+d\right )}^2}+\frac {\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,\left (3\,d^4+8\,c\,d^3\right )}{c+d}}{f\,\left ({\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )}^2\,\left (2\,a^2\,c^6-8\,a^2\,c^5\,d+10\,a^2\,c^4\,d^2-10\,a^2\,c^2\,d^4+8\,a^2\,c\,d^5-2\,a^2\,d^6\right )-{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )}^4\,\left (a^2\,c^6-6\,a^2\,c^5\,d+15\,a^2\,c^4\,d^2-20\,a^2\,c^3\,d^3+15\,a^2\,c^2\,d^4-6\,a^2\,c\,d^5+a^2\,d^6\right )-a^2\,c^6-a^2\,d^6+2\,a^2\,c\,d^5+2\,a^2\,c^5\,d+a^2\,c^2\,d^4-4\,a^2\,c^3\,d^3+a^2\,c^4\,d^2\right )}+\frac {\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {2}{a^2\,{\left (c-d\right )}^3}-\frac {3\,\left (c+d\right )}{2\,a^2\,{\left (c-d\right )}^4}\right )}{f}-\frac {{\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )}^3}{6\,a^2\,f\,{\left (c-d\right )}^3}-\frac {d^2\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {1{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,c^5-5{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,c^4\,d+10{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,c^3\,d^2-10{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,c^2\,d^3+5{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,c\,d^4-1{}\mathrm {i}\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {e}{2}+\frac {f\,x}{2}\right )\,d^5}{\sqrt {c+d}\,{\left (c-d\right )}^{9/2}}\right )\,\left (12\,c^2+16\,c\,d+7\,d^2\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{a^2\,f\,{\left (c+d\right )}^{5/2}\,{\left (c-d\right )}^{9/2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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